Male infertility in patients diagnosed with COVID-19: a narrative review / Infertilidade masculina em pacientes com diagnóstico de COVID-19: uma revisão narrativa

Introdução: A literatura relata acerca do potencial impacto do vírus coronavírus (COVID-19) nos órgãos reprodutivos masculinos e na fertilidade masculina. Objetivo: Apresentar evidências científicas, com base em revisão narrativa, da associação de infertilidade masculina em pacientes com diagnóstico de COVID-19. Materiais e Métodos: Os artigos foram pesquisados nas bases de dados SciELO, LILACS, PubMed, Scopus, BIREME e Web of Science, sem restrição de local ou idioma. O período estabelecido para a avaliação foi de 2015 a 2020. Os estudos foram selecionados por meio de combinações baseadas no Medical Subject Headings (MeSH). Dois estudos que responderam à questão de pesquisa foram incluídos nesta pesquisa; sua pontuação foi ≥ 6 pontos no protocolo qualitativo proposto por Pithon et al.7. Resultados: O receptor da enzima conversora de angiotensina 2, facilita o vírus da COVID-19 infiltrar-se nas células hospedeiras, é intensamente expresso nas células testiculares. Além disso, as respostas inflamatórias induzidas pela infecção por COVID-19 podem levar ao estresse oxidativo sistêmico. Conclusão: Os testículos são um alvo potencial da COVID-19, resultando em danos testiculares. Portanto, os impactos imediatos ou tardios na fertilidade masculina acarretados pela COVID-19 não podem ser descartados. Ainda não foram obtidos dados definitivos para rastrear as funções reprodutivas em homens que se recuperaram da COVID-19, embora estudos estejam em andamento para estabelecer essa associação na saúde masculina [au]

Introduction: Literature reports on the potential impact of the coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) on male reproductive organs and male fertility. Objective:To present scientific evidence, based on a narrative review, of the association of male infertility in patients diagnosed with COVID-19. Materials and Methods:The articles were searched in the SciELO, LILACS, PubMed, Scopus, BIREME and Web of Science databases, without restriction of location or language. The period established for the evaluation was from 2015 to 2020. The studies were selected through combinations based on Medical Subject Headings (MeSH). Two studies that answered the research question were included in this research; its score was ≥ 6 points in the qualitative protocol proposed by Pithon et al.7. Results:The angiotensin-2 converting enzyme receptor, facilitates the COVID-19 virus to infiltrate host cells, is intensely expressed in testicular cells. Furthermore, inflammatory responses induced by COVID-19 infection can lead to systemic oxidative stress. Conclusion: The testes are a potential target of COVID-19, resulting in testicular damage. Therefore, the immediate or late impacts on male fertility brought about by COVID-19 cannot be ruled out. Definitive data to track reproductive functions in men who have recovered from COVID-19 have not yet been obtained, although studies are underway to establish this association in male health. [au]

Association between autism spectrum disorder and changes in the central auditory processing in children

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: To verify the scientific evidence on the association between Autistic Spectrum Disorder and Central Auditory Processing Disorder in children, aiming to answer the following research question: What is the association between Autistic Spectrum and Alteration of Auditory Processing in Children? METHODS: Studies were chosen through the combination based on the Medical Subject Heading Terms (MeSH): [(auditory processing) and (children) and (autism) and (neurological disorders)]. The MEDLINE (PubMed), LILACS, and SciELO databases were used. The analyzed papers covered a ten-year period, from 2010 to 2020. We selected descriptive, cross-sectional, cohort, and case studies. We evaluated the quality of the papers, which had a minimum score of six in the modified scale of the literature. RESULTS: 126 papers were retrieved after the exclusion phase, and 17 of them followed the inclusion criteria. Only two papers answered the guiding question with audiological results. CONCLUSIONS: Patients diagnosed with autistic spectrum disorder may have disturbance central auditory processing, considering that changes were found both in absolute and interpeak latencies in the brainstem evoked response audiometry, as well as in latency and laterality of the N1c wave amplitude. In addition, there were changes in the assessment behavioral auditory processing. Thus, disturbance central auditory processing is common in children with autistic spectrum disorder.

Smell and taste alterations in COVID-19 patients: a systematic review

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: To present scientific evidence based on a systematic review of the literature (PRISMA) to systematize information on smell and taste alterations in patients diagnosed with COVID-19. METHODS: The studies were selected through combinations based on the Medical Subject Headings (MeSH). The MEDLINE (PubMed), LILACS, SciELO, and BIREME databases were used. The search encompassed articles published from January 2010 to May 2020, with no restriction of language or localization. RESULTS: A total of 665 retrieved articles had the potential for inclusion. Of these, two answered the research question, which was to verify the smell and taste alterations in patients diagnosed with COVID-19. CONCLUSION: The results found in this review demonstrated that there likely is an association between self-reported smell and taste dysfunctions and COVID-19 infection in such patients.